Carrying a lot of weight can cause a variety of back ailments, many of which can be quite painful and disabling if not properly treated. Here are some of the most common types of back ailments related to lifting or carrying heavy loads:
1. Low back pain
Low back pain, or lumbar pain, is one of the most common ailments associated with weight bearing. This pain is located in the lower back and can be acute (short-lasting) or chronic (long-lasting).
Causes:
- Overexertion of muscles and ligaments.
- Herniated lumbar disc.
- Degeneration of intervertebral discs.
2. Herniated Disc
A herniated disc occurs when the gelatinous nucleus of an intervertebral disc moves out of its normal position, pressing on the surrounding nerves.
Symptoms:
- Sharp, stabbing pain.
- Muscle weakness.
- Numbness or tingling in the extremities.
3. Sciatica
Sciatica is a condition that manifests itself as pain that travels along the path of the sciatic nerve, from the lower back to the legs.
Causes:
- Herniated disc.
- Bone spurs.
- Spinal stenosis.
4. Sprains and Strains
Sprains and strains are injuries to the back muscles and ligaments caused by sudden movements or incorrect lifting of heavy objects.
Symptoms:
- Localized pain.
- Swelling.
- Difficulty moving.
5. Vertebral Compression Fractures
Vertebral compression fractures can occur when vertebrae weaken and collapse, which is more common in people with osteoporosis.
Symptoms:
- Sudden severe pain.
- Loss of height.
- Deformity of the spine.
6. Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebra slips forward over the vertebra below it.
Causes:
- Repetitive stress on the spine.
- Congenital malformations.
- Joint degeneration.
7. Muscle Contractures
Muscle contractures are prolonged spasms in the back muscles, often resulting from incorrect or repetitive weight bearing.
Symptoms:
- Muscle pain.
- Rigidity.
- Limitation of range of motion.
Prevention and Treatment
Prevention:
- Proper technique: Learn and use proper lifting techniques, such as bending the knees and keeping the back straight.
- Muscle strengthening: Exercises to strengthen the muscles of the back and core.
- Use of tools: Use assistive tools such as wheelbarrows and lumbar support belts.
Treatment:
- Rest and basic care: Rest, application of ice/heat, and anti-inflammatory medications.
- Physiotherapy: Specific exercises and manual therapy techniques.
- Medical interventions: In severe cases, more advanced medical treatments such as corticosteroid injections or surgery may be necessary.
Carrying too much weight can have serious repercussions on the health of your back. Knowing about these ailments and how to prevent them can help you maintain a healthy back and avoid long-term complications.
